28. | Queen of England Victoria Hanover (18.Victoria3, 2.Francis2, 1.Ernst1) was born on 24 May 1819 in Kensington, London, England; was christened on 24 Jun 1819 in Kensington Palace, Kensington, Middlesex, England; died on 22 Jan 1901 in Osborne House, Isle of Wight, England; was buried in Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore, Berkshire, England. Notes:
[royalfam.ged]
Victoria, queen of Great Britain and Ireland (r. 1837-1901), the longest-reigning monarch i n English history, established the monarchy as a respected and popular institution while it w as irrevocably losing its place as an integral part of the British governing system.
Born in Kensington Palace, London, on May 24, 1819, Victoria was the only child of Edward, du ke of Kent and son of George III, and Princess Victoria, daughter of the duke of Saxe-Coburg . Emerging from a lonely, secluded childhood to take the throne on the death of her uncle, Wi lliam IV, Victoria displayed a personality marked by strong prejudices and awillful stubbornn ess. She was strongly attached to the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne; after he resigned i n 1839, Sir Robert Peel, his would-be successor, suggested that she dismiss the Whig ladies o f her court. Victoria, however, refused. In part because of this "bed chamber crisis," Melbou rne resumed office for two more years.
Victoria and her court were greatly transformed by her marriage to her first cousin, Prince A lbert of Saxe-Coburg, in 1840. Although her name now designates a supposedly prudish age, i t was Albert who made a point of straitlaced behavior, and introduced a strict decorum in cou rt. He also gave a more conservative tinge to Victoria's politics, leading her to become clos e to Peel. The couple had nine children. Victoria populated most of the thrones of Europe wit h her descendants. Among her grandchildren were Emperor William II of Germany and Alexandra , consort of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.
Albert taught Victoria the need for hard work if she was to make her views felt in the cabine t, and during the prince's lifetime Victoria did, by insistently interjecting her opinions, f orce the ministers to take them into account. Opposing the policy of Lord Palmerston of encou raging democratic government on the Continent, for example, she was partly responsible for hi s departure as foreign secretary in 1851. She also helped form cabinets. Her political import ance was based, however, upon the temporarily factionalized state of Commons between 1846 an d 1868, when royal intervention was needed to help glue together majoritycoalitions.
Always prone to self-pity, Victoria fully indulged her grief at Albert's death in 1861. She r emained in mourning until her own death, making few public appearances and spending most of e ach year on the Isle of Wight and in the Scottish Highlands, where her closest companion wa s a dour Scottish servant, John Brown. Her popularity declined as a result, and republican se ntiment appeared during the late 1860s.
Victoria, however, regained the people's admiration when she resumed her determined efforts t o steer public affairs. She won particular esteem for defending the popular imperialist polic ies of the Conservative ministries of Benjamin Disraeli, who flattered her relentlessly and m ade her empress of India in 1876. Conversely, she flayed William E. Gladstone, the Liberal pr ime minister, whom she intensely disliked, for ostensibly weakening the empire. Although Vict oria also attacked Gladstone for encouraging democratic trends, the celebrations of her golde n and diamond jubilees in 1887 and 1897 demonstrated her great popularity.
In Victoria's later career, her attempts to influence government decisions ceased to carry si gnificant weight. The Reform Act of 1867, by doubling the electorate, strengthened party orga nization and eliminated the need for a mediator--the monarch--among factions in Commons.
Victoria died on Jan. 22, 1901. She was succeeded by her son, Edward VII.Her letters have bee n published in three series (1907; 1926-28; 1930-32).
Birth:
Kensington Palace
Victoria married Prince Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Albert Francis Augustus Charles on 10 Feb 1840 in London, England, Great Britain. Albert (son of Duke Ernest Of Saxe-Coburg, I and Louise of Saxe-Coburg- Altenburg) was born on 26 Aug 1819 in Schloss Rosenau, Near Coburg, Coburg, Bayern, Germany; died on 14 Dec 1861 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England; was buried in 1861 in Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore, Windsor, England, Great Britain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 33. Princess Royal Victoria Adelaide Mary was born on 21 Nov 1840 in Buckingham, London, England, Great Britain; was christened on 10 Feb 1841 in Throne Room, Buckingham Palac, England; died on 5 Aug 1901 in Friedrichshof, Near, Kronberg, Taunus; was buried in Friedenskirche, Potsdam, Germany.
- 34. King of England Albert Edward Wettin Windsor, VII was born on 9 Nov 1841 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; was christened on 25 Jan 1842 in Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 6 May 1910 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; was buried on 20 May 1910 in Windsor, Berkshire, England.
- 35. Princess of Saxe-Coburg Alice Maud Mary was born on 25 Apr 1843 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 14 Dec 1878 in Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany.
- 36. Prince Alfred Ernest Albert was born on 6 Aug 1844 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 30 Jul 1900 in Schloss Rosenau, Near Coburg, Coburg, Bayern, Germany.
- 37. Princess Helena Augusta Victoria Of Saxe-Coburg was born on 25 May 1846 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 09 Jun 1923 in Schomberg House, Pall Mall, London, England.
- 38. Princess Of Saxe-Coburg Louise Caroline Alberta was born on 18 Mar 1848 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 03 Dec 1939 in Kensington, London, England; was buried in Frogmore, England.
- 39. Prince Arthur William Patrick Of Saxe-Coburg was born on 1 May 1850 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 16 Jan 1942 in Bagshot Park, Surrey, England.
- 40. Prince Leopold George Duncan Of Saxe-Coburg was born on 07 Apr 1853 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 28 Mar 1884 in Cannes, France; was buried in 1884 in Windsor, Berkshire, England.
- 41. Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria was born on 14 Apr 1857 in Buckingham Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 26 Oct 1944 in Bantridge Park, Balcombe, Sussex, England.
|
|