Notes
Matches 9,801 to 9,850 of 18,015
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| 9801 | [royalfam.ged] "The Kings of Scotland", which appeared in volume I [1904] of *The Scots Peerage*, edited b y Sir James Balfour Paul, states on pp. 29-30: CHARLES 11. was born 29 May 1630, succeeded his father on 30 January 1648-49, but the kingdo m being then in the hands of the 'Republicans' under Oliver Cromwell, who governed with the t itle of Protector, his early years were spent in exile. The Scottish Presbyterians distrusti ng Cromwell and the English Independents, had invited Charles to assume the Crown of Scotland , and though their army was defeated by Cromwell at Dunbar, 3 September 1650, he was duly cro wned King of Scots at Scone I January 1650-51. Invading England, however, his army was defea ted by Cromwell at Worcester on 3 September 1631, and the Young king had to seek safety abroa d. Soon After the death of Cromwell, Charles was restored to his kingdom, and entered London o n his thirtieth birthday, 29 MAY 1660. He married, 31 May 1662, Donna Catherine Infanta of P ortugal, born 25 November 1638, daughter of John iv., King of Portugal, sister of Alphonso v i and Pedro ii., successively kings of Portugal. King Charles died 6 February 1685 leaving n o issue by his queen, who retired to Lisbon, where she died 31 December 1705. He had, however , many illegitimate children | Stuart, King of England Charles II (I46894)
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| 9802 | [royalfam.ged] 'Real' Shakespeare Claim Whips Up Tempest Anew Two Academics Believe Unkown Politician Was True Bard By Mike Collett-White, Reuters APWilliam Shakespeare's identity, or existence even, has been argued over since the 19th cent ury. LONDON (Oct. 7) - Something is rotten in the state of Shakespeare scholarship. Two academics say they have discovered the "real" William Shakespeare, the never-before-ident ified Henry Neville, whipping up a tempest of debate among the Bard's followers who have ha d to defend him against a host of pretenders. Academics Brenda James and Professor William Rubinstein have recorded their findings in a ne w book in which they make the case for Neville, a Tudor politician, diplomat and landowner wh ose life span matched that of Shakespeare almost exactly. The authenticity of Shakespeare, author of dozens of sonnets and plays still performed today , has been argued over since the 19th century, with Francis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe and ev en Queen Elizabeth I among proposed alternatives. James, a Briton, says she stumbled upon the new contender Neville while decoding the Dedicati on to Shakespeare's Sonnets, which led her to identify Neville as the author of the plays. She spent the next seven years gathering evidence to prove her point. When she asked Rubinste in, of the University of Wales, to check her facts, he was sufficiently convinced to agree t o advise on and co-author the book. "I was an agnostic when I started," American-born Rubinstein told Reuters. "I am certainly no t now. A bolt from the blue, that's the way I describe it." James said a notebook written by Neville while locked in the Tower of London around 1602 cont ained detailed notes which ended up in "Henry VIII" first performed several years later. His experience in the tower, where he faced execution for his part in a plot to overthrow th e queen, would also explain the shift in 1601 from histories and comedies to the great "Shake spearian" tragedies. He was learned, traveled around Europe and was a close friend of the Earl of Southampton to w hom the Shakespeare sonnets are believed to be dedicated. "I cannot see any point on which this theory falls down at the moment," James said. OTHERS NOT SO SURE Not all Shakespeare experts are so sure. "Given the amount of documentation showing William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote t he plays one can only suppose that the conspiracy theorists are in it for the money they ca n make out of peddling their bizarre wares," said Roger Pringle, director of the Shakespear e Birthplace Trust. Ann Thompson, professor of English at King's College London and an editor on the Arden Shakes peare series, has not read the new book "The Truth Will Out: Unmasking the Real Shakespeare, " but has her doubts. One of the chief reasons given by James and Rubinstein for doubting Shakespeare's authorshi p is his lack of formal education and familiarity with the ways of the court. "It is snobbery, basically," Thompson told Reuters. "People think you would have to have a un iversity education at least to write as he does." She also argued that someone of Neville's knowledge of Europe would not make the same basic g eographical errors that appear in the Shakespeare canon. The fact that Mark Rylance, artistic director of Shakespeare's Globe theater, has written th e forward to the new book published by Longman has added weight to its authenticity. Yet for many lovers of the plays attributed to Shakespeare, the whole authorship debate is mu ch ado about nothing. "I'm of the view that it's not a question that is even worth asking. The plays are Shakespear e; it is they which are fascinating," said Michael Clamp, an editor on the Cambridge School S hakespeare series. 10/06/05 08:37 ET | Neville, Henry (I60959)
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| 9803 | [royalfam.ged] ***1. "The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens" by Mike Ashley, Carroll & Graf Pub., Inc. New York, 1998 "The Early Welsh Kingdoms Gwynedd". ***2. David Walker, "Medieval Wales," Cambridge University Press, 1990: ***3. Flame-Bearers of Welsh History, "The Sons of Cunedda" by Owen Rhoscomyl, School Edition, 1905 The Welsh Ed. Pub. Co. Merthry Rydfil, part one, p. 177 XLIX, THE RISE OF LLYWELYN III, Llywelyn's son that reigned after him was no Llywelyn. His grandson was, however, in action as well as in name. We need not trouble about Llywelyn's son Davydd, who succeeded to the crown. First and last there have been three Davydds, prince of Gwynedd. Every one of them brought Calamity to Cymru. It was by a most strange and wonderful occurrence that this particular Davydd lived to become the curse of his country. One day, when he was a baby, his foster mother left him asleep on the bed, and went out of the chamber, leaving his father's gallant hound, Celart, lying at the foot of the bed, as a guard while she was gone. Presently in came a great grey wolf to devour the baby. Up sprang Celart. With bristles up, fangs bare, and eyes on fire, he flew upon the terrible beast. On the bed, on the floor, over and over and under they rolled and fought, locked in the death-struggle. They baby Davydd, tangled in the bedclothes, was pushed off the bed to the floor, but still the grim battle went on. p 178 It was under the bed it ended at last, and from there Celart crawled, his jaws red with blood, leaving the wolf dead behind him. Then he lay down again, beside the tangled heap of bedclothes under which the baby was hidden, guarding his charge still till some one should come. It was Llywelyn who came. He looked upon the bed for his little son and saw that he was gone. He looked in fierce fear round the room and saw no sign of Davydd. He looked upon the faithful hound and saw his jaws all red with blood. At once his fear believed that Celart had eaton the baby, and with that thought he flashed out his sword and ran it through the brave and loyal creature...Poor Celart's dying howl rang through the chamber till it waked the little one beneath the heap of clothes, and its cry of fright came to its fathers ears. hastily he stooped and found it, and as he stooped he saw, too, the body of the dead wolf. Then he understood what had happened, and turned in swift grief to Celart. But it was too late; Celart was dying. Llywelyn buried poor Celart with many a sign of grief for what he had done. The grave is yonder yet in the place that is called Beddgelart after it. No one knows the grave of Davydd, neither is any placed called after his name. But the bards as well as the princes remember Celart, and in an old manuscript of 1591 there is still to be seen an englyn, or verse, about him. Alas that so true and brave a creature should have died for saving so worthless a prince. Davydd reigned six years only, but in those six years he brought to the ground the strong Cymru which his great father had built up, dying and leaving it desolate beneath the heel of Henry III. Let be his epitaph. But Davydd was not the only son of Llywelyn. There had been another, Gruffydd, a handsome giant of a prince, born of a Cymric Mother. Llywelyn had weighed his two sons in his mind as to which would be the better ruler for the land. Davydd's mother was sister of the King of England - surely the King of England would be less the enemy of his nephew than of Gruffydd. So thought Llywelyn, and accordingly he made Davydd his heir; the one tragic mistake which undid all that he had accomplished in his own strenuous life. Gruffydd, with his turbulent valour, could not have brought his country lower than his brother's smoothness brought it. He might have saved it. Davydd had handed over his brother Gruffydd to the King of England as a prisoner. The king sent him to the Tower of London. One night Gruffydd made a rope of his clothes and began to let himself down out of his window to escape. The rope broke, and Gruffydd was killed, his neck being broken by the fall. But he left four sons, Owen, Llywelyn, Davydd and Rhodri. Owen and Llywelyn seized the crown of Gwynedd between them when their uncle Davydd died. Now King Henry claimed all the land as his own, for, amongst the rest of Davydd's doings, he had agreed that, if he died childless, Henry should be his heir and take the country. It would be hard to find words severe enough to describe such a transaction as that. ***5. The History of the Gwydir Family" written by Sir John Wynne, Knt. and Bart, ut creditur & Patet. Oswestry, 1878, Prince David began his reign in 1240 d = d= d. = Prince David, &c = | Ellis ap Jer = Agnes Werth ap Owen Bro. Gyntyn. > he is father of : > 1.Agnes ferch Dafydd ***The History of the Gwydir Family" written by Sir John Wynne, Knt. and Bart, ut creditur & Patet. Oswestry, 1878, d. = Prince David, &c = | Ellis ap Jer = Agnes Werth ap Owen Bro. Gyntyn. > married Elise ap Iorwerth ab Owain Brogyntyn ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 376 Goronwy Llwyd ap Y Penwyn, of Bettws living 1356 = Leuki d. and h's of Madog ap Elisse ap Iorwerth ap Owen Brogyntyn. > parents of Madog ab Elise ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 217 Griffith = Eva d. and co-h's of Madog ap Ellis, of Cryniarth, in Edernion p. 376 Goronwy Llwyd ap Y Penwyn, of Bettws living 1356 = Leuki d. and h's of Madog ap Elisse ap Iorwerth ap Owen Brogyntyn. > married (?) NN > parents of Efa ferch Madog ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 217 Griffith = Eva d. and co-h's of Madog ap Ellis, of Cryniarth, in Edernion p. 279 Gruffydd ob 1399 - Eva d. and h's of Madog ap Ellis sister to Llewelyn, Bishop of St. Asaph 1357 - 1375. > married Gruffudd ap Llewelyn ap Cynwrig ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 217 Griffith = Eva d. and co-h's of Madog ap Ellis, of Cryniarth, in Edernion p. 279 Gruffydd ob 1399 - Eva d. and h's of Madog ap Ellis sister to Llewelyn, Bishop of St. Asaph 1357 - 1375 p. 282 1st Robert ap Robin ap Gruffydd Goch, Lord of Rhos = Lowry, sold h's = 2nd Gruffydd ap Einion, of Gwyddelwern, ap Gruffydd ap Llewelyn ap Cynwrig ap Osborn Wyddel p. 279. > parents of Einion ap Gruffudd ***Welsh Founder of Penn. P. 98, by Allen Glenn Vol. I, 1911. Son of Thomas ap John Wynne, of Bron Vadog, in the parish of Ysceifiog, Flintshire. ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 217 Einion, living Oct 15, 1380 = Tanglwst, d. of Rhydderch ap Evan Lloyd of Gogerddan, co. Cardigan p. 234 Morris, of Clenenney, bestowed upon him by Rhys ap Dicws Foel, his foster-father, living 1511 = Catherine, d. of Eliza ap Gruffydd ap Einion, of Gwyddelwern. [in some books Angharad] p. 279 Einion, H.S.M. 1351-59 = Tanglwst, d. of Rhydderch ap Evan Llwyd ap Evan ap Gruffydd Foel ap Gruffydd ap Cadivor ap Gwaithfoed. p. 282 1st Robert ap Robin ap Gruffydd Goch, Lord of Rhos = Lowry, sold h's = 2nd Gruffydd ap Einion, of Gwyddelwern, ap Gruffydd ap Llewelyn ap Cynwrig ap Osborn Wyddel p. 279. > married Tangwystl ferch Rhydderch ap Ieuan Llwyd > > 2.Llywelyn ap Dafydd ***Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 169, Dafydd Goch, of Penllech, living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Llwyd ap Llewelyn, from Iorwerth Drwyndwn. p. 230, p. 272 Dafydd Goch, of Penllech Abbot of Barsey living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Lloyd ap Llewelyn ap Dafydd ap Llewelyn ap Iorwerth Drwyndwn p. 169 > married (?) NN > parents of Cynwrig ap Llywelyn > married Angharad ferch Thomas ap Gwion > parents of Dafydd Llwyd ap Cynwrig ***Plas Mawr, Conway, N. Wales" by Arthur Baker and Herbert Baker - 1888 pg. 30 & 31 shows a pedigree of Robert Wynne. > married Annes ferch Gwyn ap Madog > parents of Mawd ferch Dafydd Llwyd ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 168 Dafydd Goch = Maud d. of Dafydd Lloyd ap Llewelyn, from Iorwerth Drwyn dwn. p. 169 Dafydd Goch, of Penllech, living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Llwyd ap Llewelyn, from Iorwerth Drwyndwn. p. 230 p. 272 Dafydd Goch, of Penllech Abbot of Barsey living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Lloyd ap Llewelyn ap Dafydd ap Llewelyn ap Iorwerth Drwyndwn p. 169. > married Dafydd Goch ap Trahearn Goch ap Madog ***"Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families" by John Edwards Griffith, 1914 ed., p. 168 Dafydd Goch = Maud d. of Dafydd Lloyd ap Llewelyn, from Iorwerth Drwyn dwn. p. 169, Dafydd Goch, of Penllech, living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Llwyd ap Llewelyn, from Iorwerth Drwyndwn. p. 230, p. 272 Dafydd Goch, of Penllech Abbot of Barsey living 1324 = Mawd, d. of Llewelyn ap Dafydd Lloyd ap Llewelyn ap Dafydd ap Llewelyn ap Iorwerth Drwyndwn p. 169 p. 280 Meredydd, of Cefn y fan, living 26 Edward III = Morfydd, d. of Evan ap Dafydd ap Trahaiarn Goch, ob. 1416. p. 396, Dafydd Goch, of Penllech, Abbot of Barsey, Living Nov. 9, 1324. p. 272. ***Peerage and Baronetage, Wynn p. 2373, Meredith ap Howel, who was living 26th Edward III. He m. Morvydd dau of Ievan ap David ap Traheyarn Goch. of the Royal line of South Wales, and was s. by his eldest son Robert ap Meredith. ***The History of the Gwydir Family" written by Sir John Wynne, Knt. and Bart, ut creditur & Patet. Oswestry, 1878, p. 30 Of Jevan ap Eingan his brother are descended very many gentlemen of principall account in the county of Carnarvon. Howell3 begate Meredith and David; Meredith ap Howell4 dwelled in Evioneth at his houses Keffin y fan, and Keselgiffarch, and David ap Howell in Llanrwst in Denbigh land, at his house called Henblas in Maethebroyd. Meredith ap Howell maried Morvydd the daughter of Jevan ap David ap Trahayarn goch of Llun, who was descended of the house of Rys ap Teudwr. In the extent of North Wales, made in the 26th of Edward the third, you shall find that Meredith ap Howell5 and others are the heires of Gwely, Griff' David ap Howell his brother maried 6 viz. Jevan ap Howell ap Meredith, the daughter of Gwenllian, p. 31 and Jevan ap Griff' ap Madog ap Jerweth was wife to 1 Reginall ap Bleddyn, and had by her issue Robin Vaughan ap David ap Howell, who maried Angharad the daughter of Rys ap Gruff' ap Rys ap Ednyfed Vaughan, and had no issue male,2 but one daughter called Cattrin vch Robin Vaughan, who married Rhys ap Eingan Vaughan of Llanrwst, a gentleman of the house of Penwyn in Nanconwy and Denbigh Land; 3 who having noe issue male by her, but daughteres, the greatest part of the possessions of that house, which were now worth a thousand markes a yeare, came to the Salisburies. For Robert Salisbury the elder, fourth sonne of Tho. Salisbury of Lleweny, in the county of Denbigh, Esq. maried Gwenhwyfar, the daughter of Rys ap Eingan and Catherin the daughter of Robin Vaughan ap David ap Howell. Hope it helps. Becky T. ttg-inc@attbi.com | Llywelyn, Dafydd Ap (I61913)
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| 9804 | [royalfam.ged] 1573-1642, queen of France; daughter of Francesco de' MEDICI, grand dukeof Tuscany. She becam e the second wife of HENRY IV in 1600 and after hisassassination (1610) became regent for he r son LOUIS XIII. She chose asminister her favorite, Concino Concini, who dissipated the trea sury byextravagance. Exiled after Concini's murder (1617), Marie was reconciledwith her son i n 1622. She tried (1630) to gain the dismissal of herformer prot©bg©b and the king's minister , Cardinal RICHELIEU, but Louisexiled her again. Her daughter, HENRIETTA MARIA, married CHARL ES I ofEngland. Source from Hills/Hatcher Family Tree on World Connect | De' Medici, Marie (I46892)
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| 9805 | [royalfam.ged] 1609-69, queen consort of CHARLES I of England, daughter of HENRY IV ofFrance. Her dealings w ith the pope, foreign powers, and army officersincreased Parliament's suspicion of Charles an d fear of a Catholicuprising, and helped to precipitate (1642) the ENGLISH CIVIL WAR. Source from Hills/Hatcher Family Tree on World Connect | Princess of France, Queen of England Henriette Marie (I46889)
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| 9806 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Hohenzollern, King of Romania Michael (I65235)
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| 9807 | [royalfam.ged] A Hapsburg ruler who failed EMPEROR MAXIMILIAN II By Paula Sutter Fichtner Yale University Press, $30, 344 pages, illus. REVIEWED BY BRIDGET HEAL "By virtually all standards, including his own, Emperor Maximilian II (1527-1576) was a failu re." So begins Paula Sutter Fichtner's account of the life and times of one of 16th-century E urope's least effective rulers. As a Hapsburg, Maximilian was a member of one of Europe's leading dynasties. His uncle, Charl es V, had built up a massive empire, uniting the Netherlands, Spain, the New World, Naples, S icily and Germany under his leadership. Charles' son, Philip, inherited the Spanish part of t his empire and the Netherlands, while Germany passed to Charles' brother, Ferdinand, and then ce, in 1562, to Ferdinand's son, Maximilian. Charles V and Philip II are two of the great figures of European history and have been the su bjects of numerous studies, but "Emperor Maximillian II" is the first full biography of Maxim ilian II in English. Perhaps not surprisingly, previous scholars have been deterred by Maximi lian's inadequacies — his inability to achieve any of his stated aims and his failure t o make any lasting impression on Europe's political and religious landscape. As the author po ints out, however, history is not just about great achievements. It is about the totality o f past experience, in which failure and defeat have inevitably played a central role. | Emperor of The Holy Roman Empire Maximilian II (I60288)
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| 9808 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Leopoldine, Maria-Esmeralda Adelaide Lilian Anne (I44449)
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| 9809 | [royalfam.ged] According to other sources, we know that John Fitz Alan was born 14 Sep. 1246, whereas the fi ne was dated 14 May 1260. As such, the fine was recorded a mere four months before John Fit z Alan reached his 14th birthday. The fine was evidently part of the preparations the parent s of the two parties took immediately prior to the consumation of the marriage. The wording of this fine reflects the fact that by medieval custom, couples betrothed as chil dren were considered married, regardless of the fact that their marriage had not yet been con sumated. As such, I believe it is incorrect to say there was a difference in Latin phrases, " led in marriage" or "married" in this time period. As we can see in this fine, the bethrothe d couple are called "married," even though the fine makes it clear that the marriage was no t consumated. As a side note, the bride in this fine, Isabel de Mortimer, was grandaughter of the ever popu lar Gladys Dhu, daughter of Llewelyn ap Iowerth, Prince of North Wales. The marriage betwee n Isabel de Mortimer and John Fitz Alan was in due course consumated and surviving children b orn to the marriage. The manor of Chipping Norton, co. Oxford mentioned in the fine descende d in the Fitz Alan family until about 1385, when it was settled by Richard de Arundel, 11th E arl of Arundel, on his niece, Philippe Arundel, wife of Richard Sergeaux, in satisfaction o f her claims on her grandfather, the 10th Earl's estate. The manor was subsequently held by P hilippe (Arundel) Sergeaux's descendants. Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah, Home of the Winter 2002 Olympics E-mail: royalancestry@msn.com - - - - - - - - - Rev. H. E. Salter The Feet of Fines for Oxfordshire, 1195-1291 (Oxfordshire Record Society, v ol. 12)(1930), pp. 241-242. 378. 44 Hen. III. Westm', morrow of the Ascension [14 May, 1260]; Rog. de Mortuo Mari quer. , Ioh. fil. Alani deforc.; 100 marcates of land in Norton [Chipping Norton] and Acton'; ple a of covenant; Ioh. recognized that if he outlives John his son who married Isabella, the dau ghter of R. before he was 14 14 years old, the 100 marcates shall remain to I. for life as do s; also if John when he reaches 14 years refuses the contract of marriage, she shall have th e money for life for her maintenance; in return R. granted to Isabella 40 librates of land i n Andinton in Shropshire as matrimonium, to be held by John and Isabella and the issue of th e marriage; if there is no issue, it shall revert aftet the death of Isabella to R. and his h eirs." (C.P. 25. 283. 15). | FITZALAN, JOHN (I61580)
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| 9810 | [royalfam.ged] Albert, called the Prince Consort, was the husband of Queen Victoria of Britain. The son of t he Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, he was born on Aug.26, 1819, near Coburg, Bavaria. He married t he young Victoria in 1840. As her closest advisor, Albert exercised a restraining influence o n theimpulsive queen, especially in political matters. Among the political leaders of the per iod, Albert worked well with Sir Robert Peel but quarreled frequently with Viscount Palmersto n. In the Trent Affair of 1861 the prince actually moderated the hostility of Palmerston's go vernment toward the United States. Albert was a patron of the arts and sciences and one of the organizers ofthe Great Exhibitio n of 1851. His zeal for public moralism in many waysset the tone of mid-Victorian England. Al bert's death on Dec. 14, 1861, partly the result of overwork, deeply affected Victoria, who w ent intoseclusion for several years. ==================================================================== Yet a more promising throne loomed in the near distance. King William IV of Great Britain an d his wife, Queen Adelheid Luise, were unable to procreate any children who survived infancy . Their quickly arranged marriage during the Hannoverian wife search in the late 1810s faile d to continue the dynasty. By the time William IV inherited the throne from his brother Kin g George IV in 1830, little Princess Victoria of Kent was the established heiress to the grea test throne of Europe. And when the King of Great Britain died childless in 1837, his eightee n year old niece ascended the throne as Queen Victoria. By the end of Victorias second yea r as monarch, she still remained single. London became the most delightful and promising dest ination for many young continental princes. Victoria, desperately lonely in her London palace , wanted to find a suitable consort who could keep her company and provide the country with t he next generation of princes. Leopold had waited two decades for this opportunity and quickl y stepped in with his valuable counsel and matrimonial expertise. Among his several nephews , there was one in particular which Leopold had in mind as Victorias future husband, Princ e Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Duke Ernst I and Duchess Louise had a very unhappy marriage. T he heiress of Gotha had arrived at Coburg in 1817 to find a husband who was not much interest ed in her. Duke Ernst paid more attention to the aggrandizement of his little duchy than to t he youthful girl he had married. Within two years of their wedding the couple had two princes , Ernst and Albert. Once having fulfilled her main role to secure the succession, Ernst pai d very little attention to Luise. In her loneliness, the young duchess sought companionship a mong the courtiers of her husbands little court. By the mid-1820s the marriage had collapse d, the ducal couple divorced and Luise fallen in love with a young German aristocrat. Left i n Coburg were the two little princes who never again saw much of their mother. Prince Ernst o f Saxe-Coburg-Gotha would succeed his father on the ducal throne; Prince Albert needed to fin d a future. Leopold I and Queen Louise-Marie were tremendously fond of the two princes. Erns t and Albert spent long periods at their uncles court in Brussels. While Ernst developed int o a licentious young man, Albert remained unspoiled, studious and conscientious of his futur e possibilities. In 1839 the brothers traveled to London to pay their respects to their roya l cousin. Although initially apprehensive about Albert as a husband, Victoria quickly surrend ered to his mild manner and good looks. There engagement was announced with great delight i n 1839. Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Queen Victoria of Great Britain were married i n London on 24 January 1840. No longer were the Coburgs considered a small, forgotten princel y house from the depths of the Thuringian woods. In one decade, the Coburgs had attained th e thrones of three European countries. | Prince Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Albert Francis Augustus Charles (I59129)
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| 9811 | [royalfam.ged] Although the remains of her family members have been found at Ekaterinburg, the remains of Ma ria have not been found. Therefore, if anyone survived, it was Maria, not Anastasia. | Romanov, Grand Duchess Maria Nicholovna (I46621)
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| 9812 | [royalfam.ged] An acrobat with the Circus Knie. | Peres, Adans Lopez (I66004)
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| 9813 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Casiraghi, Charlotte (I65998)
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| 9814 | [royalfam.ged] As a youth he was slow and listless but grew into a courageous and ambitious leader who won G wynedd and Powyss by battle in 1039 and defeated the Mercians. He contested with Gruffydd, so n of Rhydderch ab Iestyn, over Deheubarth; but by 1055 he was the king of all Wales. About 10 56 he married Ealdgyth, daughter of Aelfgar, Earl of Mercia, and they became the parents of t hree children. There was a lengthy struggle with Harold Godwinson and, when Harold attacked his court at Rhu ddlan through the treachery of his own men, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn was killed in 1063. His wido w then married Harold Godwinson who, as King Harold II of England, in turn was killed in 106 6 in the Battle of Hastings. | Llewelyn, Gruffydd Ap (I63137)
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| 9815 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Oldenburg, King of Greece Constantine KIng of Greece II (I46612)
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| 9816 | [royalfam.ged] Beheaded by her husband, King Henry VIII. Her story is now the subject of an episode of the S impsons. Henry divorced Anne of Cleves and in 1540 married Catherine Howard. The following year she wa s charged by Thomas Cranmer of having sexual intercourse before her marriage with Henry Manno ck, Francis Dereham and Thomas Culpepper. In 1542, Catherine Howard and the three men were ex ecuted. | Howard, Catherine (I44142)
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| 9817 | [royalfam.ged] BET. 1589 - 1610 King of France BET. 1572 - 1610 King of Navarre Henry IV, 1553-1610, King of France (1589-1610) and, as Henry III, King of Navarre (1572-1610 ), was the first BOURBON monarch of France. Raised as a Protestant, he became (1569) the nomi nal head of the Huguenots. To save himself from the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre (1572) , Henry renounced his faith. He returned to Protestantism in 1576, however, and led a combine d force of Protestants and moderate Catholics against Henry III and the Catholic League (fo r the resulting conflict see under Henry III, above). Henry became heir to the throne in 158 4 and became king after Henry III was assassinated (1589). He defeated the Catholic League a t Arques (1589) and Ivry (1590) but abandoned the siege of Paris when the league received ai d from Spain. In 1593 Henry again abjured Protestantism, allegedly with the remark Paris is w ell worth a Mass. He entered the city in 1594, and his conciliatory policy soon won him gener al support. He waged a successful war (1595-98) against Spain, and by the Edict of NANTES (15 98) established political rights and a measure of religious freedom for the Huguenots. The re st of his reign was spent restoring order, industry, and trade. He was assassinated by a fana tic, Fran©'ois Ravaillac. In 1600 Henry had married MARIE DE' MEDICI, and he was succeeded b y their son LOUIS XIII. Henry IV's gallantry, wit, and concern for the common people have bec ome legendary. Source from Hills/Hatcher Family Tree on World Connect | King of Navarre and France Henry IV (I46891)
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| 9818 | [royalfam.ged] BET. 1610 - 1643 King of France | King of France Louis XIII (I59146)
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| 9819 | [royalfam.ged] born Margarita Cansino http://www.geocities.com/classicmoviestar/rita.html | Hayworth, Rita (I62086)
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| 9820 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Prince of Monaco Albert (I65972)
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| 9821 | [royalfam.ged] By Christina Barclay, James V had a son "James tertius". | Barclay, Christina (I59059)
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| 9822 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Monaco, Camille Marie Kelly of (I66003)
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| 9823 | [royalfam.ged] Captain of the "Beagle" on which Charles Darwin wrote "The Origin of the Species". Kayo Kimura July 11, 2002 English 101.#2 Essay Robert Fitzroy was the captain of the ship named Beagle, and he asked Darwin to accompany hi m for a long term of voyage. Darwin was a naturalist, who is known as a scientist for the dis covery of the theory of evolution. The story of Darwin Sea Change or Five Years at Table is a bout their voyage on the ship. Darwin had some different views of the world than Robert Fitzr oy. I would like to argue about the hypothesis that the captain influenced Darwin's view, par ticularly about politics and religion. First of all, they had once an argument about Tory politics. That was about slavery. "One o f Brazil's largest slaveholders had assembled his captives and asked them whether they wishe d to be freed. Unanimously, they had responded "no. "When Darwin had the temerity to wonder w hat response made in the owner presence was worth." For a naturalist, Darwin had a doubt tha t slaves denied to be freed because of the presence of the owner. However, as an illegitimat e descendant of King Charles II by his mistress Barbara Villiers, and also an ardent Tory, Fi tzroy disagreed with his way of thinking about slaves. Fitzroy was affirmative for the slaver y system. | Fitzroy, Robert (I60473)
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| 9824 | [royalfam.ged] Carl M. Allstrom records in his "Dictionary of Royal Lineage" that Marfa "The Nun", the mother of Mikhail Romanov, the 1st Romanov Czar,was the illegitimate daughter of Ivan "The Terrible" and his mistress Mayvi. too, in the book "Kingdoms of Europe" it says that "The Nun" Marfa attended the coronation of her teenage son and blessed him. earlier, the babe Mikhail was given to the Shestov Family to raise; and Mikhail's father, Fedor [Filaret] Romanov, the Bishop of Moscow, married Xenia Shestov, who became Mikhail's step-mother. | Czar of Russia Mikhail (I62548)
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| 9825 | [royalfam.ged] Carl M. Allstrom records in his "Dictionary of Royal Lineage" that Marfa "The Nun", the mother of Mikhail Romanov, the 1st Romanov Czar,was the illegitimate daughter of Ivan "The Terrible" and his mistress Mayvi. too, in the book "Kingdoms of Europe" it says that "The Nun" Marfa attended the coronation of her teenage son and blessed him. Earlier, the babe Mikhail was given to the Shestov Family to raise; and Mikhail's father, Fedor [Filaret] Romanov, the Bishop of Moscow, married Xenia Shestov, who became Mikhail's step-mother. | Shestova, Kseniya Marfa Ivanovna (I63742)
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| 9826 | [royalfam.ged] Catherine of Aragon was a Spanish princess (her badge shows a pomegranate - a symbol from Spa in). She was the daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, and was ori ginally married to Henry's brother Arthur. Henry married Catherine to maintain the alliance with S pain after Arthur died, leaving Catherine a widow. This marriage was organized by Henry VII a short tim e before he died, but took place after his death in 1509, when Henry was almost 18 and Catherine wa s 23. After twenty years of marriage, she had only given birth to one girl, Mary, lat er to become known as Bloody Mary (although she had many miscarriages and still-births in tha t time). As Henry VIII needed a son to provide a male heir to the throne, and as his advisor s deemed Catherine to be past the age of child-birth, Henry tried to persuade her to becom e a Nun. Catherine refused, and after two years of arguments with the Pope, Henry created a new Archbishop (Thomas Cranmer) who was prepared to declare the marriage annulled in 1532. Catherine was then banished from the Court and separated from her daughter . It is said that she died of a broken heart, four years later. http://www.larmouth.demon.co.uk/sarah-jayne/wives/wives.html | Aragon, Catherine of (I62968)
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| 9827 | [royalfam.ged] Charles II, King of England and Scotland (1639-1685) -> Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond & Lennox (1672-1723) -> Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond & Lennox (1701-1750) -> Lady Emilia Lennox (1731-1814) -> William Fitzgerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster (1749-1804) -> Lady Emily Fitzgerald -> Sir Hastings Yelverton (-1878) -> Hon. Barbara Yelverton (1849-1924) -> John Yarde-Buller, 3rd Lord Churston (1873-1930) -> Hon. Joan Yarde-Buller (1908-1997) -> The Aga Khan (1936-) Not quite medieval, but there you go! -- Vennlig hilsen Frank H. Johansen joha...@c2i.net | Yarde-Buller, Joan Barbara (I60197)
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| 9828 | [royalfam.ged] Commanded the Anglo-Belgian cavalry at Waterloo and lost a leg there. Was created Marquis of Anglesey, three weeks after the action at Waterloo. One-Leg: The Life and Letters of Henry William Paget, First Marquess of Anglesey, K.G., 1768- 1854, Jonathan Cape 1961. The 4th Earl of Uxbridge [later Marquess of Anglesey] also seems to have excelled at Corunna , commanding the Cavalry, for Sir John Moore. Although he had brilliantly commanded the rearguard during the retreat to Corunna, the cavalr y, together with Sir Henry Paget himself, did not take part in the battle of 16th January, be cause they had already embarked ship and set sail for England. His affair and elopement wit h Wellington's sister-in-law ensured that he would not see active service in the Iberian Peni nsula again. He lived on until 1854 ---- outliving Wellington. When he died, he was the only Field Marsha l in the Army, with the exception of the Royal Family. He was buried in Lichfield Cathedral. David Read | Paget, William (I62441)
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| 9829 | [royalfam.ged] Constantine and Sophie had two additional children, one of whom died in 1913. http://www.uk-genealogy.org.uk/Database/D0016/I6998.html | Oldenburg, King of Greece Constantine I (I46539)
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| 9830 | [royalfam.ged] Count Dracula was a real historical person and not just a myth. His real life was vastly mor e horrible than has ever been depicted in any horror flick. Known to his enemies as "Vlad Tep es" or Vlad the Impaler, many have wondered why he acquired such strange habits as being sai d to suck the blood of his victims. The answer is that he was fighting for the survival of hi s people against the Ottoman Turks who had him surrounded and were in the process of taking o ver the entire region. It was therefore helpful to have a fearsome reputation for among othe r things displaying the heads of his enemies on a spike. A great leader of his people, Coun t Dracula was the last independent ruler of Transylvania. After his death or disappearance i n 1476, his people fell under Turkish rule. A few years ago his tomb was opened, but no corps e was found there. We all know what that means! Bram Stoker later invented a kinder, gentler Dracula. http://www.royalty.nu/Europe/Balkan/Dracula.html http://channels.netscape.com/ns/atplay/content.jsp?file=dracula.jsp Prince of Wallachia 1448, 1456-1462 | Dracula, Count Vlad (I58309)
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| 9831 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Leopoldine, Marie-Christine Daphne Astrid Elisabeth (I44448)
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| 9832 | [royalfam.ged] Dear Newsgroup ~ Contemporary medieval records indicate that King Henry VI of England was related to King Alfonso V, King of Aragon [Reference: Thomas Rymer, Foedera 11(1727): 18 ([Alfonso V], King of Arag©dn styled "cousin")]. Were King Henry VI of England and King Alfonso V of Aragaon related within the 5th degree on at least one side. Answer: Yes, they were. Below please find a chart which shows King Henry VI and King Alfonso V's common descent from Fadrique II, King of Sicily (died 1337). The chart indicates the two kings were related in the 5th degree of kindred (that is, 4th cousins). Fadrique II, King of Sicily __________________/_________________ / / Isabelle/Elizabeth of Sicily Pedro II, King of Sicily =Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria / / / Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Leonora of Sicily / = Pedro IV, King of Aragon / / Isabeau of Bavaria Eleanore of Aragon = Charles VI, King of France = Juan I, King of Castile / / Katherine of France Fernando I, King of Aragon =Henry V, King of England and Sicily / / Henry VI, King of England Alfonso V, King of Aragon | Aragon-Sicily, Alfonso V (I59151)
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| 9833 | [royalfam.ged] Divorced 1938 | Family: John George Spencer-Churchill / Angela Mary Culme Seymour (F22709)
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| 9834 | [royalfam.ged] Divorced 1950 | Family: Anthony Eden, British Prime Minister / Beatrice Helen Beckett (F22508)
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| 9835 | [royalfam.ged] Divorced 1952 | Family: John George Spencer-Churchill / Mary Cookson (F22710)
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| 9836 | [royalfam.ged] DUDLEY, SIR ROBERT (1573-1649), titular duke of Northumberland and earl of Warwick, English e xplorer, engineer and author, was the son of Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, the favorite o f Queen Elizabeth. His mother was Lady Douglas Sheffield, daughter of Thomas, first Baron How ard of Effingham. Leicester, who deserted Lady Douglas Sheffield for Lettice Knollys, widow o f the first earl of Essex, denied that they were married. She asserted that they, were, at Es her in Surrey, but her marriage with Sir Edward Stafford of Grafton, after her desertion, b y Leicester, would seem to be a tacit confession that her claim had no foundation. Her son Ro bert was born in May 1573, was recognized by Leicester, and sent to Christ Church, Oxford, i n 1587. He inherited all Leicesters property under the earls will at his death in 1588, and i n the following year the property of Ambrose Dudley, earl of Warwick. http://www.metaweb.com/wiki/wiki.phtml?title=Sir_Robert_Dudley | Dudley, Robert (I66189)
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| 9837 | [royalfam.ged] Edward Seymour, the son of Sir John Seymour, and the brother of Thomas Seymour, was born in 1 500. After studying at Cambridge University, he saw military service in France in 1523. On hi s return he worked for Henry, Duke of Richmond, as Master of the Horse. Seymour's political career improved when his sister, Jane Seymour, married Henry VIII in 1536 . Seymour was given the title, the Earl of Hertford, in 1537. Seymour returned to military du ty and in 1542 served with distinction in Scotland (1542) and in France (1545). When Henry VIII died in 1547 Seymour was named as executor of the will. Edward was too youn g to rule and Seymour was appointed by the Council of Regency as Protector of the Realm. He w as also given the title of Duke of Somerset. Once he power, Seymour resumed the war in Scotland and won an important victory at Pinkie o n 10th September, 1547. However, establishing English garrisons was highly expensive. The Duke of Somerset was a Protestant and he soon began to make changes to the Church of Engl and. This included the introduction of an English Prayer Book and the decision to allow membe rs of the clergy to get married. Attempts were made to destroy those aspects of religion tha t were associated with the Catholic church, for example, the removal of stained-glass window s in churches and the destruction of religious wall-paintings. Seymour also showed concern for the poor and on 14 June 1549, he persuaded Edward VI to pardo ned all those people who had torn down hedges enclosing common land. Many landless people tho ught that this meant that their king disapproved of enclosures. All over the country people b egan to destroy hedges that landowners had used to enclose common land. This led to the Kett Rebellion in Norfolk. The mayor of Norwich refused to let Kett's army en ter the city. However, Robert Kett and his men, armed with spears, swords and pitchforks, suc cessfully stormed the city walls. The English government were shocked when they heard that Ke tt and his rebels controlled the second largest city in England. Robert Kett formed a governing council made up of representatives from the villages that ha d joined the revolt. This council then sent details of their demands to Edward VI. Seymour re sponded by sending John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, and a large army to defeat Kett. The Privy Council became concerned that Seymour's policies were leading to a popular uprising . In October, 1549, he was removed from power and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Seymour was released in 1550 and allowed to return to the Privy Council. Seymour soon got inv olved in a conspiracy and he was once again arrested. Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, was f ound guilty of treason and executed on 22nd January, 1552. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUDseymourE.htm [tudors.ged] Attainted | Seymour, Duke of Somerset Edward (I61155)
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| 9838 | [royalfam.ged] Elegantly beautiful, Kelly won a best actress Oscar in 1954 for The Country Girl (a drama i n which she starred opposite Bing Crosby). She is still better known for playing the gorgeous , reserved blonde in three Alfred Hitchcock films: Dial M for Murder (1954), Rear Window (195 4, with Jimmy Stewart) and To Catch a Thief (1955, with Cary Grant). While attending the Cann es film festival she met Prince Rainier III of Monaco; the two were married on 18 April 195 6 and Kelly abandoned her acting career to become Princess Grace. She was killed in a 1982 au to accident in Monaco, in which she apparently suffered a stroke and then crashed while drivi ng with her daughter Stephanie. | Kelly, Grace Patricia (I65978)
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| 9839 | [royalfam.ged] Elizabeth II (Alexandra Mary) WINDSOR Queen of England is the 29th great granddaughter of Gy da HARALDSDATTER Princess of England. | HARALDSDATTER, Princess of England GYDA (I63129)
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| 9840 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Windsor, Queen of England Elizabeth Alexandra Mary II (I46666)
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| 9841 | [royalfam.ged] Emilie, Marquise du Ch©Øtelet 1706 - 1749 The life of Emilie de Breteuil, Marquise du ChpÆlet was surprising in many ways. Born into 18t h century French nobility, her name has been linked with the work of Leibniz, Newton, Maupert ius, Koenig, and Voltaire. Emilie lived but 43 years. Looking back, one of the most notable f eatures of her extraordinary life was how natural it seemed for her. Gabrielle-Emilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil was born in Paris on December 17, 1706. Education o f girls at that time was either in convent schools or at home. Emilie was taught at home, an d showed great academic promise at a young age. It was the opinion of those close to her tha t she would have no great beauty, so excellent tutors and governesses were engaged to foste r her intellect. Emilie proved to be a natural linguist, and mastered Latin, Italian, and Eng lish. She studied Virgil, Tasso, Milton, Horace, and Cicero. She also learned to ride and fen ce, but her true love was mathematics. By her late teenage years, Emilie had become beautiful and independent, with a strong and pas sionate nature. She evaluated her prospects for marriage, realizing that she wanted a husban d who would appreciate her while leaving her the independence she valued for pursuing her ow n interests. She found whom she sought in Florent-Claude, Marquis du ChpÆlet and Count of Laum ont. They were married in 1725, when Emilie was 19 years old. The Marquis and Marquise du ChpÆlet lived the next five years at Semur-en-Auxios, where Floren t-Claude was governor. They had first a girl, Gabrielle Pauline, and then a boy, Louis-Marie- Florent, in 1726 and 1727. In 1730, Florent-Claude was made a regimental colonel. Thereafte r he spent a significant amount of time with his troops. Emilie returned to the whirlwind o f Paris high society, gambling, socializing, and enjoying ever more freedom. When Emilie was 27 the couple had their last child, a boy called Victor-Esprit. He was not lo ng-lived. It was after his birth that Emilie returned to the serious study of mathematics. Sh e engaged fine tutors, and spent long hours in salons and cafddiscussing all matters. One par ticular caf"as a gathering place for scientists and mathematicians, but when Emilie went ther e, she was not admitted. She returned to the cafPressed as a man. Although her friends and co lleagues inside were not fooled, she did gain admittance to join in their discourse. Emilie?s interest in mathematics and science overlapped with her affairs of the heart. She wa s a friend to Alexis Claude Clairaut, who supported Newtonian physics when the French still f avored Descartes. She had an affair with one of her tutors, Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertius , who was also a supporter of Newton?s theories (Tee, 21). It was in 1733 that Emilie began a friendship and affair with Voltaire that would last the re st of her life. Voltaire was exiled to England in the 1720s, and there he, too, had becom e a supporter of Newton. He continued to write philosophical interpretations of the world an d of scientific work, and was often on the verge of arrest due to the controversial nature o f his writings. In 1734, Voltaire and Emilie moved to a du ChpÆlet family home at Cirey, nea r the Belgian border, where they thought he could avoid persecution. There they set up a well -equipped lab, and spent their days studying and writing. http://www.math.wichita.edu/history/women/chatelet.html References: Boyd, J. Emilie du Chatelet. Retrieved June 13, 2000 from the World Wide Web:http://www.roma. unisa.edu.au/07305/EMILIE.HTM Emilie, Marquise du Chatelet-Laumont. Retrieved June 13, 2000 from the World Wide Web:http:// www.orst.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/chatelet.html Mandic, S. Emilie du Chatelet. Retrieved June 13, 2000 from the World Wide Web:http://www.agn esscott.edu/lriddle/women/chatelet.htm Osen, L. (1974). Women in Mathematics. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Perl, T. (1978). Math Equals. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Group. Smith, D. (1923). History of Mathematics (Volume 1). New York, NY: Dover Publications, Inc. Tee, G. (1987). Gabrielle-Emilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquise du Chatelet. In Campbell , P. & Grinstein, L. (eds.), Women of Mathematics (pp. 21-25). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press . Thornhill, G. Emilie du Chatelet. Retrieved June 13, 2000 from the World Wide Web:http://www. amazoncity.com/technology/museum/chatelet.html | Breteuil, Emilie De (I66281)
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| 9842 | [royalfam.ged] England was a Catholic country until Henry VIII founded the Church of England. He founded th e Church of England because the Pope would not annul his marriage to Katherine of Aragon. Th e grounds were that Katherine had already been espoused to his brother, Arthur, so Henry fel t the marriage should be annulled because it never should have taken place. That it was jus t Henry's ruse to dispose of his wife so he could take another, is beside the point. The Pop e would not grant the annulment. So Henry divorced Katherine by civil law, by which his daugh ter, Mary, was declared illegitimate, and Henry became Head of the Church of England, just a s the Queen is today. Renia renia.s@ntlworld.com | Tudor, King of England Henry VII (I36856)
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| 9843 | [royalfam.ged] Eric XIV of Sweden From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Erik XIV of Sweden (December 13, 1533 - February 26, 1577), son of Gustav I of Sweden and Cat herine of Saxony-Lauenburg, was king of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. He wa s also ruler of Estonia, after it gave itself under Sweden in 1561. He died in prison, appare ntly of poisoning. A document signed by his brother John III of Sweden and a nobleman, Beng t Bengtsson Gylta, gave Eric's watchmen in his last prison authorization to poison him if any one tried to release him. His body was later analyzed, and showed indications of poisoning. Eric had several relationships before his marriage. With Agda Persdotter he had three daughte rs: Virginia Eriksdotter (1559-1633) (living descendants) Constantia Eriksdotter (1560-1649) (living descendants) Lucretia Eriksdotter (1564-still alive 1574) died young. With Karin Jacobsdotter: An unmarried child, dead apr. 1565. He finally married Karin M©Ænsdotter (1550 - 1612), on July 4, 1568, their children were: Sigrid (1566-1633) (born before the marriage) Gustaf (1568-1607) (born before the marriage) Henrik (1570-1574) Arnold (1572-1573) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_XIV_of_Sweden Eric married Karin M©Ænsdotter in 1568, and during the same year, Johan and the Sture-family s tarted a revolution. Eric was overthrown and taken prisoner. Eric died in prison on the 26t h of August 1577 at ©rbyhus castle. His brother Johan had given orders to poison Eric's soup. | Vasa, King of Sweden Erik Gustafsson XIV (I64512)
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| 9844 | [royalfam.ged] Famous for driving the Moors out of Spain in 1492 and then sending Columbus to discover Ameri ca. | King of Aragon-Castile-Leon Ferdinand (V) II (I46992)
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| 9845 | [royalfam.ged] Famous for probably murdering two children who were princes so as to make himself king. He i s the subject of a play by Shakespeare. He is regarded as the worst king England ever had. H e was so bad that since then no king of England has been named "Richard". http://tudorhistory.org/people/eyork/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England | Plantagenet, King of England Richard III (I63430)
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| 9846 | [royalfam.ged] Father of modern chemistry, who discovered and named oxygen. | Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent (I66284)
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| 9847 | [royalfam.ged] Fearing Napoleon's onslaught the Portuguese royal family left Lisbon and moved their court t o Brazil, the crown's most prized possession. Dom Joao of Braganza, Regent of Portugal, packe d his family and his demented mother, Queen Maria I, and headed for the sunny coasts of Brazi l. As the Portuguese royal family left Lisbon, Napoleon's troops led by the anti-monarchist G eneral Junot overran the Portuguese border. On a cold November morning in 1807, the royal exo dus started its long voyage into exile. Along with the royal family came an entourage estimat ed to include almost fifteen thousand people. The people of Lisbon watched in dismay as thei r ruler abandoned the country to the fate of the invading Napoleonic legions. But he had mad e the decision to escape the invasion, nothing would deter Dom Joao who believed that movin g to Brazil would save his family from becoming Napoleon's puppets just as some of his roya l cousins throughout Europe had Done. The Portuguese royal contingent arrived on the coasts o f Brazil on January 21, 1808. Brazilians who witnessed this most unexpected arrival went wil d with ovations for the exiled royals. Two months later the royal party arrived at their fina l destination, the beautiful port of Rio de Janeiro. It was at Rio that Dom Joao decided to s ettle his court in exile, and it was from there that he vigorously rebuild the fortunes of hi s shattered kingdom. Dom Joao opened Brazilian ports to foreign trade and basically constitut ed the colony into an independent, self-reliant kingdom under the rule of the House of Bragan za. In due time, Dom Joao would acquire properties in the countryside to where the royal fami ly would retire to lead a quiet life away from the exigencies of court life. The fall of Napo leon in 1814 restored the Portuguese royal family to their throne in Lisbon. Despite this eve nt, Dom Joao refused to return to Europe until the political situation there settled. He wa s also faced with an uncertain future in Brazil if he departed. | Portugal, Brazil And The Algarves, Jodao VI (I65483)
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| 9848 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Prince of Yugoslavia Alexander (I47023)
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| 9849 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Prince of Yugoslavia Philip (I66269)
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| 9850 | [royalfam.ged] From the Ordnance Survey Memoirs of Ireland (1838) for Ballywillan Parish in North Antrim. Describing the old parish church and graveyard at Ballywillan (near to Portrush) "On the south side of the church is situated a tombstone, erected 1713, to the memory of Mrs Dorothea Ross, who is said to be a natural daughter to King James. She was married to a Mr Ross, a merchant of Coleraine." http://www.parkesfamily.btinternet.co.uk/ | Stewart, Dorothea (I59563)
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